Building Scalable RAG Pipelines with Next.js and pgvector
A production blueprint for Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Next.js: chunking, embeddings, pgvector hybrid search, streaming answers and caching. Code included.
Read the guidePractical tutorials and architecture deep-dives from a full-stack developer who ships every week: React and Next.js, AI and LLM integration, Node.js and PHP backends, system design, DevOps, and the web performance work that turns slow WordPress and Shopify sites into fast ones. Every post includes runnable code and the trade-offs behind each decision.
A production blueprint for Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Next.js: chunking, embeddings, pgvector hybrid search, streaming answers and caching. Code included.
Read the guideLearn what the Model Context Protocol is, why it replaced bespoke tool integrations, and build a TypeScript MCP server that exposes WordPress data to Claude and Cursor.
WPGraphQL vs REST, ISR with on-demand revalidation from WordPress hooks, preview mode, image handling and the hosting cost model. Built from real client migrations.
A production blueprint for Retrieval-Augmented Generation in Next.js: chunking, embeddings, pgvector hybrid search, streaming answers and caching. Code included.
I benchmarked HTTP throughput, install speed and cold starts on the same hardware. Where Bun genuinely wins, where Node still leads, and how to migrate incrementally.
A Docker Compose stack with Nginx, PHP-FPM, MySQL and Redis for local work, plus a multi-stage production image that is small, cache-friendly and fast to deploy.
Learn what the Model Context Protocol is, why it replaced bespoke tool integrations, and build a TypeScript MCP server that exposes WordPress data to Claude and Cursor.
Server vs client components, the RSC payload, where data fetching belongs, and a migration path from a client-only React app. Clear rules, real code, common mistakes.
WPGraphQL vs REST, ISR with on-demand revalidation from WordPress hooks, preview mode, image handling and the hosting cost model. Built from real client migrations.
Add AI features to PHP and WordPress safely: a cURL client with retries, streaming via SSE, prompt caching, cost control and a real content-summariser plugin walkthrough.
A diagnosis-first approach to Core Web Vitals: find the real INP culprit with the Long Animation Frames API, preload the LCP image correctly and kill layout shift.
Not another todo API. Layered architecture, validation, connection pooling, idempotency keys, pagination, structured logging and graceful shutdown, with runnable code.
The four Next.js caches explained with diagrams: request memoisation, data cache, full route cache and router cache. When to use revalidateTag, ISR and dynamic rendering.
What hiring managers and Google both want from a developer portfolio: project case studies, technical SEO, schema markup, performance budget and the pages that convert.
The three building blocks behind almost every scalable system, explained with diagrams and code: cache-aside vs write-through, queue back-pressure and token-bucket limiters.
How replacing heavy visual builders with custom PHP themes and optimised grids cut load time by over 60% and fixed Core Web Vitals for real client sites.
Move beyond chatbot demos. Compare the ReAct loop, planner-executor and router patterns for AI agents, with a TypeScript tool-calling loop, guardrails and cost limits.
A complete pipeline: lint and test on pull requests, build a Docker image, push to ECR, deploy with zero downtime and roll back on failure. OIDC, no long-lived keys.
An honest comparison from someone who ships both. Hypermedia vs component state, SEO, team skills, and the decision matrix I use for client projects, including this site.
A decision framework instead of a hype cycle. Caching, type safety, client diversity, team size and the WordPress/Shopify realities that push most projects to REST.
Modernise old PHP codebases by injecting React components with Vite, JSON hydration and hash routing, without a full rewrite or breaking SEO.
Treat prompts as code: JSON schema outputs, few-shot examples, system prompt layering, versioning and automated evals so your LLM features stop breaking in production.
Object cache, full-page cache, fragment cache and rate limiting, with WordPress drop-in configuration and a Node.js cache-aside helper that handles stampedes correctly.
Move from tailwind.config.js to the CSS-first @theme setup, understand the new Oxide engine, fix renamed utilities and migrate a WordPress theme without breaking production.
Microservices solve organisational problems most teams do not have. How to structure a modular monolith with enforced boundaries so you can extract services later, if ever.
Enums, readonly classes, match, named arguments, fibers and property hooks, shown through real WordPress theme and plugin code that is cleaner, safer and faster.
Replace keyword-only product search with embeddings. Schema design, hybrid ranking with BM25, WooCommerce and Shopify sync strategies and the latency numbers I measured.
The ROI of building custom storefronts on the Shopify Storefront API versus Liquid themes for mid-sized merchants, from a developer who has shipped both.
Decouple slow work from HTTP requests. Producers, workers, retries with back-off, idempotent handlers, dead-letter queues and the order-processing flow I built for a store.
How modern auth actually fits together: WebAuthn passkeys for login, OAuth 2.1 with PKCE for delegation, short-lived JWTs with refresh rotation, and the mistakes to avoid.
Discriminated unions for UI state, typed API layers with Zod, generic components, branded types and the tsconfig settings that catch bugs before your users do.
What runs well at the edge and what does not. Build an A/B routing worker, a cache-aware API proxy and a geo personaliser with KV, plus how I front WordPress with Workers.
AI writes more of the code now. Here is what still commands a salary: systems thinking, debugging, product judgement, and how I restructured my own learning around it.
How B-tree indexes work, composite index column order, covering indexes, reading EXPLAIN, and the WordPress postmeta query I took from 4.2s to 18ms with one index.
Worker processes, keepalive, FastCGI caching, Brotli, HTTP/3 and PHP-FPM pool sizing. The exact config changes that doubled requests per second on a client VPS.
Shared schema vs schema-per-tenant vs database-per-tenant, tenant resolution middleware, row-level security in PostgreSQL, and Stripe-based plan enforcement.
Reflections on moving from local freelance projects in Aligarh to full-time remote roles with digital agencies, and how to set up a workspace that supports it.
A four-week plan for remote developer interviews: the system design template that works on a whiteboard call, live coding under time pressure and async communication tests.
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